However, the relation between flat affect and performance on facial affect identification and cognitive tasks has not been systematically examined in relation to premorbid adjustment and clinical outcome. Studies have examined the perception, experience, and expression of emotions in schizophrenia and reported normal ratings of experience but impaired affect identification. Other than the constricted and blunted affect, there are other forms of affect that can be observed as well.Impaired emotional functioning in schizophrenia is a prominent clinical feature that manifests primarily as flat affect. The difference is in the degree of the emotions (rather, the lack of emotions), in which constricted affect brings about a mild restriction, whereas blunted affect brings about a severe restriction. Thus, one can be caused because of the other. The Differencesīlunted affect vs constricted affect can be observed in the way that when a person displays a constricted affect, it can have certain consequences on his behavior, which in turn could lead to the development of blunted affect. Many soldiers have been observed to be suffering from post-traumatic stress disorder, which is often brought on by the trauma of war and an attempt to disassociate from the same―the condition being a classic example of blunted affect. This wide-eyed, unfocused gaze has been described as being brought on by blunted affect. One of the most common blunted affect examples is that of the ‘thousand-yard-stare’ that has been exhibited by some soldiers who have witnessed the horrors of war.
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